I accordance with the WHO and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (PAHO/WHO) (August, 2013), Mexico occupies the highest rank in obesity in adults of the countries that form the OECD.

Reviewing the direct costs which implies the high levels of obesity in Mexico, these could ascend in 2017 to 101,000 million pesos, 101% more respect to the estimated cost in 2008 and the indirect costs which, could rise to 292% between 2008 and 2017 (from 25,000 to 73,000 millions), so this results unsustainable for our country (Obesity in Mexico: Recommendations for a state politics).

Based on the previous information and referred data to the overweight and the obesity the children in scholar age (both genres), from 5 to 11 years have a national combined prevalence of overweight and obesity in 2012 of 34.4%, 19.8% of overweight and 14.6% for obesity. (Figure 1.).

Fig. 1. ENSANUT 2012.

Body Mass Index

In accordance with the ENSANUT 2012, 35% of the teenagers between 12 and 19 years present overweight or obesity. One of five teenagers has overweight and 1 of 10 Mexicans present obesity.

In the ENSANUT 2012, it is pointed that in accordance with the points in which the BMI (kg/m2) purposed by WHO, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mexico in the adult was about 71.28%. (Figure 2)

In ENSANUT 2012, this numbers represent 48.6 millions of persons. The prevalence of obesity presents differences by the socioeconomic level, region and locality. (Figure 3).

Fig. 2. ENSANUT 2012.

Fig. 3. ENSANUT 2012.

Obesity in Mexico

In summary 60.6 millions of Mexicans have overweight or obesity, 7 of 10 adults and 1 of 3 children have it. In accordance with ENSANUT 2012, the prevalence in Mexico of DM2 is about 9.2% and in accordance to WHO numbers, it is warned that the deaths for diabetes will fold by 2030.

Is important to mention this situation has been developed through various decades and is clear that for the rate, the solution implies also a continue effort during the next years. This is not only require of a governmental participation but also the active participation of every sector to direct their efforts to a programs which contribute to the “National Strategy for the prevention and control of the obesity, overweight and diabetes” the objective is to improve the levels of wellness of Mexican population and to contribute to the sustainability of national development to brake the increase of prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Mexicans, with the aim to revert the epidemic of the no transmittable diseases, specifically the DM”, through health public interventions, of an integral model of medical attention and intersectoral public policies.

Diseases associated with obesity and overweight

As mentioned, obesity is a disease of etiology multifactorial and chronicle course, which genetic problems, environmental and lifestyle problems are involved. It is the result of a positive energy balance that occurs when the caloric intake exceeds the energy expenditure that causes an increase in body fat deposits, and therefore the increase of weight.

Obesity is the main risk factor for developing diabetes type 2, cardiovascular diseases (mainly heart disease and stroke), hypertension, dyslipidemia, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and types of cancer such as breast and prostate. In children, childhood obesity is associated with an increased probability of premature death and disability. As well as obesity in adulthood. (Fig. 4).

Fig.4. Obesity in adulthood

Suffering risk

It has been demonstrated that in accordance with the waist and BMI, exist less or more risk to suffer this diseases. Below it is represent the relative risk to suffer these diseases in accordance to the mentioned parameters. (Figure 5):

Fig 5. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. The Evidence Report: National Institutes of Health.